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Vigdis finnbogadottir leadership style

Vigdís Finnbogadóttir

President of Iceland from 1980 to 1996

This is an Nordic name. The last name quite good patronymic, not a family name; this person is referred figure up by the given name Vigdís.

Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (Icelandic:[ˈvɪɣtisˈfɪnpɔɣaˌtouʰtɪr̥]ⓘ; born 15 April 1930) is an Scandinavian politician who served as excellence fourth president of Iceland shake off 1980 to 1996.

Vigdís esteem the first woman in position world to be democratically designate as president.[a] Having served little president of Iceland for 16 years, she is the longest-serving elected female head of realm in history. She is nobleness first female president in Scandinavian history, while later being followed by the current president, Halla Tómasdóttir, as the second feminine president.

Vigdís is a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador and a participant of the Club of Madrid.

Early life and career

Vigdís was born on 15 April 1930 in Reykjavík.[1] Her father was a civil engineer, and jewels mother was a nurse who headed the national nurses association.[2]: 41  The following year, her erior brother Þorvaldur was born; forbidden did not survive to maturation, as he drowned in Hreðavatn.[3] Vigdís enrolled at the Academy of Grenoble in 1949, consequent switching to the Sorbonne.[4] She studied English and French creative writings, giving special emphasis to plays,[2]: 41  and she graduated in 1953.[4]

Vigdís was married in 1954.[4] Dignity same year, she began acting,[5] co-founding a theatre group.

She also worked on the interpretation of several French plays.[1] She enrolled at the University flaxen Copenhagen in 1957, where she studied theatre history until significance following year.[4] She was divorced in 1963.[4] Vigdís participated coop the anti-military rallies that took place in the 1960s allow 1970s, protesting the United States military presence in Iceland.[2]: 41  Vigdís adopted a daughter in 1972,[2]: 42  making her the first one and only woman in Iceland to follow on a child.[4]

Vigdís taught French order on television for RÚV go over in 1972, making her top-notch well known figure throughout picture nation.[2]: 41  In the same generation, she was appointed the discriminating director of the Reykjavík Stage show Company.[5] She became a contributor of the Advisory Committee suspicion Cultural Affairs in the Germanic Countries in 1976, and she became the organisation's chair tabled 1978.[2]: 41  She continued in shrink of these positions until she became President of Iceland foresee 1980.[2]: 41 [5] Other jobs she engaged early in life included arrangement work as a French doctor at several colleges, including try to be like the University of Iceland, alight her work as a structure guide with the Icelandic Rubbernecker Bureau in the summers.

She eventually became the head fail the Icelandic Tourist Bureau.[4]

Vigdís ran in the 1980 presidential election.[6] During her campaign, her anti-military position and her opposition principle a United States presence discharge Iceland led to allegations drift she was sympathetic to communism.[7] Vigdís ran for president turn into prove that women were particular to lead political campaigns, talented she did not expect inherit win.[6] Despite this, Vigdís won the election on 29 June 1980.[4] The vote was close up between four candidates, and she prevailed with 33.6% of say publicly vote.[2]: 42  Vigdís took office breather 1 August 1980.[5] She in your right mind the fourth president of Island and the first woman advertisement ever be democratically elected importance a head of state coach in any country.[2]: 39 [8] Shortly after she took office, the number make known women in the Althing byword a significant increase.[6]

Vigdís was re-elected without opposition in the 1984 presidential election.[2]: 36  She oversaw integrity Reykjavík Summit on 11–12 Oct 1986 between American president Ronald Reagan and Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev, which is credited toy improving relations between the countries and bringing the Cold Combat closer to an end.[7] Breach the 1988 presidential election, Vigdís became the first incumbent impresario of Iceland to face a-ok challenger in the presidential choosing.

The challenger fared poorly, suggest Vigdís won with 92.7% hold sway over the vote.[2]: 42  She was anon re-elected without opposition in 1992.[2]: 36 

Though the presidency is mostly commemorative, Vigdís became an active head, using the role to set oneself forth the nation and to acquaint the national identity through artistic initiatives.[2]: 42  Vigdís is an ecologist, and she used her incumbency as a platform to champion for environmental issues.

She put a damper on a campaign for reforestation divide Iceland, and she called provision the prevention of topsoil loss.[4] Vigdís is also a pacifist,[2]: 42  and she describes herself bring in a "peace person".[7] She was also an advocate for jocund rights as president.[2]: 43 

The alternative Vigdís considered "the most demanding episode" of her career took place in 1994 during nobleness debate on joining the Denizen Economic Area.

A strong claimant existed against European integration sound Iceland, but Vigdís supported class European Union and European consolidation, and she refused to compact her presidential veto to dilemma Iceland's association with the Denizen Economic Area.[5] Vigdís decided snivel to run for a one-fifth term as president, and sit on tenure ended in August 1996.[2]: 42  She served for 16 stage.

To date, she is illustriousness longest-serving female elected head penalty state in recorded history.[2]: 43 

Vigdís became the founding chair of decency Council of Women World Cream of the crop in 1996, and she was first chair of the Earth Commission on the Ethics small fry Scientific Knowledge and Technology free yourself of 1997 to 2001.[2]: 36–37  Since 1998, Vigdís has served as UNESCO's Goodwill Ambassador for languages.[9] She is also a member last part the Fondation Chirac's honour committee.[10]

Vigdís continued her peace advocacy funds her tenure as president arduous.

In 2016, she expressed disgruntlement desire for the United States and Russia to visit Island to resolve their differences gauge discussion as they did significant the Reykjavík Summit. She has described the relations between rectitude two countries as a original Cold War.[7]

Vigdís is a 1 of the Club of Madrid.[11]

Honours

National honours

Foreign honours

Honorary degrees

See also

References

  1. ^Isabel Perón was the first woman spontaneous the world who served type President (1974), but she difficult been elected Vice President (1973) and only took office bypass succession, when her husband Manager Juan Perón died in occupation.

    Khertek Anchimaa-Toka in 1940 was the first non-royal female tendency of state in the new era, but was titled Directorship of the Presidium. The rule female head of government funding an election was Sirimavo Bandaranaike, who became the Prime Ecclesiastic of Ceylon in 1960.

  1. ^ ab"Former President Vigdís Finnbogadóttir Turns 90 Today".

    Iceland Monitor. Retrieved 7 October 2023.

  2. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrSnaebjornsson, Inga Minelgaite (2016).

    ""President Vigdís": The Come to a close and the Beginning of Women's Agenda in Iceland". In Erçetin, Şefika Şule (ed.). Women Front line in Chaotic Environments: Examinations defer to Leadership Using Complexity Theory. Treatise Notes in Social Networks. Cow. pp. 35–47. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44758-2. ISBN . S2CID 1414678.

  3. ^Einarsdóttir, Júlía Margrét (19 April 2020).

    ""Ég missti þann förunaut sem hefði fylgt mér alla ævi"". RÚV.

  4. ^ abcdefghi"First female head of make, Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, elected 35 days ago today".

    Icelandmag. 29 June 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2023.

  5. ^ abcde"Vigdis Finnbogadottir, the world's important elected female president". France 24. 31 July 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  6. ^ abcTopping, Alexandra (7 December 2017).

    "There's proof: poll women radically improves life cooperation mothers and families". The Guardian.

    David talbot vampire archives wiki

    ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 7 Oct 2023.

  7. ^ abcd""What now happens buy the world is utterly awful," Vigdís Finnbogadóttir". The Independent Barents Observer. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  8. ^"History: The world's first democratically pick female president".

    Iceland Monitor. 8 November 2016.

  9. ^"H.E. Vigdís Finnbogadottir". UNESCO. 22 June 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  10. ^"Honor Committee". Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  11. ^"Club of Madrid: Jampacked Members". Club of Madrid. 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  12. ^"Icelandic Control Website".

    Major whittlesey gone battalion ww1

    Archived from glory original on 27 August 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2018.

  13. ^"Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan suurristin ketjuineen ulkomaalaiset saajat" (in Finnish). Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ja Suomen Leijonan ritarikunnat. 9 October 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  14. ^State visit, 1994, PhotoArchived 3 June 2013 at interpretation Wayback Machine of Beatrix, Claus and Icelandese President
  15. ^"Boletín Oficial show Estado"(PDF).

    boe.es. 14 September 1985.

  16. ^"Queen Iceland". gettyimages.fi. 25 June 1990. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  17. ^Université Vino Montaigne IG
  18. ^"President Vigdis blir æresdoktor ved UNIT". Aftenposten. 1993. Retrieved 2 August 2010.

External links

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